The RS45 is an adapter that converts RS485 signal as it comes into the computer. The RS485 signal is transferred across Ethernet lines. The RS45 adapter can plug into one of the ports on the computer. The signal is converted within the adapter and the computer recognizes the adapter as an external device. The end of the RS45 adapter is designed to receive the T1 Ethernet cable, which looks like an oversize phone cable.
Four-Pin Protocol
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The four-pin protocol is designed to provide eight conductors to relay the signal from the Ethernet cable to the computer. The four-pin protocol is created by twisting the wires into four pairs. The operating temperatures for the four-pin protocol can range safely between -40 degrees Fahrenheit to over 100 degrees Fahrenheit. The cables used in the four- pin protocol are unshielded Cat5e cables that are twisted together to make the four pins. The four pins provide balance and strength to the Ethernet signal as it comes into the adapter.
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Two-Pin Protocol
The two-pin protocol requires a twisted pair of wires. It provides the RS45 signal with four conductors to relay the signal to the computer. The twisted pairs provide balance for the signal as it moves through the adapter. The wire that is used for the two-pin protocol is Cat 5e unshielded cable. The cable that is used in this application is UL- and CEC-certified.
TCP/IP Protocol
The TCP/IP protocol software allows a computer to accept Ethernet signal through the RS45 adapter. Consumer computers may not have this protocol installed. Without the TCP/IP protocol, the computer registers the RS45 signal as a communication error. The TCP/IP protocol can be added to the computer through the Windows operating platform CD. Once the protocol is installed, the settings must be specified; this requires the IP of the Ethernet connection. Without the IP address, the TCP/IP connections cannot connect to the Internet.